Tower structures and mast structures used for transmitting or receiving radio waves are used as radiators for radio transmitting antennas or as supporters for transmitting and receiving antennas. Mainly used in communication, broadcasting, television, radar, navigation, telemetry and remote control. Communication and broadcasting mainly use long wave, medium wave and short wave (communication can also use microwave); TV uses ultra short wave and microwave to transmit signal; navigation mainly uses medium wave to transmit signal.
The height of radio towers used for long, medium and short waves depends on factors such as wavelength (frequency), ground conductivity, and propagation distance; the height of radio towers used for ultrashort and microwave depends on the propagation distance. The propagation distance of ultrashort wave and microwave is equal to the distance between the transmitting antenna tangent along the ground surface and the receiving antenna. For flat or slightly hilly terrain, the propagation distance can be calculated as follows (km) where HT is the height of the transmitting antenna; HR is the height of the receiving antenna (m). When the actual distance is greater than the propagation distance obtained by the above formula, a relay tower needs to be set in the middle.
